Democratic Governance is a concept that emerged from the principle that an effective system of democratic governance is one which is based on representative, equitable (across gender and other categories), transparent, accountable and inclusive institutions; a vibrant, responsible and capable media; and a dynamic civil society which is engaged in the political process.
The Democratic Governance for Development (DGD) Project II is a joint donor-funded project with the overall aim of strengthening the democratic character of Nigerian political processes; and promoting outcomes that consolidate and advance democratic governance and accountability to achieve the country’s stated development priorities and goals specified in the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) and the Country Programme Action Plan (CPAP). The European Commission, the UK Department for International Development, Canadian International Development Agency and UNDP contribute to this fund.
DGD II consists of 4 components: Promoting Credible, Transparent and Sustainable Electoral Processes; Improving the Democratic Quality of Political Engagement; Enhancing Participation by Women, Youth and other Marginalized groups; and Strengthening Channels of Civic Engagement.
Improving the democratic quality of political engagement involves various interventions primarily focusing on institutions critical for democratic development such as Parliaments, Election Management Bodies and Political parties. Parliaments are one of the key institutions in democratic system tasked with the functions of representation, law making and oversight. An effective parliamentary institution is inextricably intertwined with the existence of a viable democracy and an open society. Political parties, on the other hand, are institutions crucial for the stability and dynamics of a democratic political system. They provide the platform for citizens to associate with like-minded people, to debate among themselves and across the party political divide, and to develop a vision for their societies.
Civic engagement with these indispensable democratic institutions and other democratic processes, therefore, is an important intervention in order to ensure that the institutions are carrying out their functions by representing the best interest of the public. In other words, citizen participation and engagement with these democratic institutions is essential to foster accountability and enhance citizen’s influence on democratic institutions and processes.
In Nigeria, like other new democracies in the world, democratic governance and democratic system is in the making. To this effect, Important Democratic institutions in the country such as the National Assembly, the Independent Electoral Commission (INEC), and Political Parties are being continuously strengthened to deepen democracy through interventions driven by the government/ the institutions themselves/ and/or in collaborations with development partners.
For instance, the Seventh Session of the House of Representatives (HoR) (2011 – 2015), in its National Legislative Agenda, has clearly committed itself to honouring the faith and trust reposed in it by the Nigerian people and is determined to chart a new course of legislative business for the benefit of the people. The Agenda has also indicated that the House is committed to improve its performance and build a new image for the legislature as “a strong, vibrant and effective legislature, able to assert itself as an important partner with other arms of government in the delivery of good governance, due process and rule of law.” Furthermore, the House has expressed its resolve to introduce a new order to address issues of transparency and integrity.
Though gradual and unstructured, Political parties as well are in the process of reform, both individually within their respective party structures and collectively through inter party relations. A few of them have formed internal reform/review committees in a bid to revisit their internal policy documents such as Constitutions and manifestos.
All these commitments to reform or already ongoing reforms should necessarily require civic engagement so that the citizen is informed about the processes, take part in the processes and hold these institutions accountable to the changes they have introduced or about to introduce. This is therefore the rationale behind this activity: democratic process monitoring. The focus of this particular exercise will also be the above mentioned democratic Institutions- selected committees’ within the National Assembly and Political Parties.